CBC โ†’ Grade 6 โ†’ Mathematics โ†’ Data Handling

Data Handling Notes, Quizzes & Revision

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Data Handling

Topic: topic_name_replace  |  Subject: subject_replace  |  Target age: age_replace
Learning goals
  • Know how to collect, organise and present simple data.
  • Use tally charts, frequency tables, pictographs and bar charts.
  • Find mean, median and mode for small data sets and read information from graphs.
Key vocabulary
Data โ€” facts or numbers collected for a purpose.
Tally โ€” quick marks for counting (|||| = 5).
Frequency โ€” how often a value occurs.
Pictograph โ€” pictures used to show counts (a key tells what each picture means).
Bar chart โ€” bars show amounts for categories.
Mean / Median / Mode โ€” basic measures of centre.
1. Collecting data (Kenyan examples)
Data can be collected by counting, measuring or asking questions. Examples you could collect locally:
  • Number of matatus arriving at a stage in an hour.
  • Daily rainfall (mm) in your school garden for a week.
  • Prices of maize (KES per 90kg bag) in three markets.
  • How many students in each class bring lunch from home vs buy from the kiosk.
Tip: use a simple tally sheet when counting. It is quick and reduces mistakes.
2. From tally to frequency table
Example: Counting fruit sold in a market one morning:
Fruit Tally Frequency
Mangoes |||| ||| 8
Bananas |||| || 7
Avocado |||| 4
3. Pictograph (simple visual)
Use a picture as a unit. Key: 1 ๐Ÿฅญ = 2 mangoes.
Market A: ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ (6 mangoes)   Market B: ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ (4 mangoes)   Market C: ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ๐Ÿฅญ (8 mangoes)
When drawing pictographs:
  • Write the key clearly (what each picture stands for).
  • Use full pictures (or half pictures if needed) based on the key.
4. Bar chart (quick visual using bars)
Example: Bags of maize sold in 3 towns this week (units = bags).
Kisumu
12 bags
Nakuru
16 bags
Eldoret
10 bags
(Scale used for drawing: 1 bag โ‰ˆ 8 px height)
5. Mean, median and mode โ€” short guide
Use the prices of maize (KES per 90kg bag) from five markets: 3,800; 4,000; 3,900; 3,800; 4,100.
  1. Mode: the most common value. Here 3,800 appears twice โ†’ Mode = 3,800 KES.
  2. Median: the middle value when sorted. Sorted: 3,800; 3,800; 3,900; 4,000; 4,100 โ†’ Median = 3,900 KES.
  3. Mean (average): add all values and divide by number of values.
    Sum = 3,800 + 4,000 + 3,900 + 3,800 + 4,100 = 19,600. Mean = 19,600 รท 5 = 3,920 KES.
Note: Choose the measure that best represents the data for your situation. If prices vary a lot, the median can be a better typical value than the mean.
6. Reading and interpreting results
Questions to ask when you look at data:
  • What is the highest and lowest value?
  • Are there any values that look unusual (outliers)?
  • What does the data tell us about the real situation? (e.g., which market sells more maize?)
Example conclusion: "Nakuru sold the most bags of maize this week (16 bags). Eldoret sold the least (10 bags)."
Practical tips for learners (Kenyan context)
  • When collecting data in the field (markets, farms, schools), record time and place.
  • Use clear keys for pictographs and label axes on bar charts with units (e.g., 'bags', 'KES', 'mm').
  • Double-check tallies with a partner to avoid missing counts.
  • Use local examples you know (rainfall, prices, harvests) to make data meaningful.
Practice exercises (with answers)
  1. Count of students who walked to school in a week: Mon 12, Tue 15, Wed 13, Thu 14, Fri 16.
    Questions: (a) What is the total for the week? (b) What is the mean?
    Answer: Total = 12+15+13+14+16 = 70 students. Mean = 70 รท 5 = 14 students per day.
  2. A pictograph key: 1 ๐ŸŒฝ = 5 bags. Town counts: A ๐ŸŒฝ๐ŸŒฝ (10 bags), B ๐ŸŒฝ๐ŸŒฝ๐ŸŒฝ (15 bags), C ๐ŸŒฝ (5 bags).
    Question: Which town sold the most maize? Answer: Town B sold 15 bags (most).
  3. Prices (KES): 150, 170, 150, 160, 180.
    Find mode, median and mean. Mode = 150. Sorted: 150,150,160,170,180 โ†’ Median = 160. Mean = (150+170+150+160+180)=810 รท5 = 162 KES.
Final note: Data handling helps you answer real questions about your community โ€” like how much rain fell, which market has higher prices, or how many learners need school meals. Practice collecting small sets of local data and present them clearly with tables or simple graphs.

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