Grade 10 Business Studies – Business Transactions (9 Lessons) Quiz

1. Which of the following is a source document for a cash sale made through M-Pesa in Kenya?

M-Pesa transaction receipt
Purchase order
Delivery note
Bank statement
Explanation:

A source document records the original evidence of a transaction; an M-Pesa transaction receipt shows proof of a cash sale made via M-Pesa.

2. What is a credit transaction?

A transaction done using mobile money only
A sale or purchase where payment is made immediately in cash
A sale or purchase where payment will be made later
A transaction that only appears in the ledger but not in the journal
Explanation:

A credit transaction means goods or services are exchanged now but payment is deferred to a later date.

3. Which account is increased when a business receives money from a customer for a sale?

Capital account
Cash/Bank account
Sales account
Purchases account
Explanation:

Receiving money increases the business's cash or bank balances, so the Cash or Bank account is increased.

4. In double-entry bookkeeping, every transaction must be recorded as:

A credit only
An income only
A debit and a credit of equal amounts
A journal entry with no amounts
Explanation:

Double-entry requires each transaction to have equal debits and credits so the accounting equation stays balanced.

5. Which document would a supplier send to a buyer to request payment after goods have been delivered?

Credit note
Invoice
Pay slip
Receipt
Explanation:

An invoice is a bill from a supplier to a buyer requesting payment for goods or services supplied.

6. What is the purpose of a petty cash book?

To record large capital purchases
To record small day-to-day cash payments
To record bank deposits only
To keep details of sales on credit
Explanation:

A petty cash book records small, routine cash expenses such as postage or stationery.

7. Which of the following is an example of a capital expenditure?

Paying monthly electricity bill
Buying office stationery
Buying a delivery van for use in the business
Purchasing cleaning supplies
Explanation:

Capital expenditure is spending on long-term assets (like a van) that will benefit the business over several years.

8. A sales return (goods returned by a customer) will cause which of the following?

No change to accounts
Increase in Sales account
Decrease in Sales account
Increase in Purchases account
Explanation:

Goods returned by a customer reduce the total sales, so the Sales account is decreased or a Sales Returns account is used.

9. Which sentence correctly describes a contra entry in a cash book?

A refund given to a customer
An error corrected by writing ‘contra’ in the journal
A sale made on credit to a regular customer
A transfer between cash and bank shown on both sides of the cash book
Explanation:

A contra entry records a transfer between the cash and bank columns and is entered on both sides of the cash book.

10. What is the main purpose of preparing a trial balance?

To provide detailed invoices to customers
To check that total debits equal total credits
To calculate tax owed to the government
To show how much cash is in the petty cash box
Explanation:

A trial balance lists all ledger balances to ensure debits and credits are equal, helping detect arithmetical errors.

11. Which of these is a liability on the business balance sheet?

Sales revenue
Inventory (stock)
Owner’s drawings
Accounts payable (creditors)
Explanation:

Accounts payable are amounts the business owes to suppliers and are recorded as liabilities.

12. What is meant by 'drawings' in a sole proprietorship?

Payments to suppliers
Profit reinvested in the business
Government taxes paid by the business
Money taken by the owner for personal use
Explanation:

Drawings are withdrawals of cash or goods by the owner for personal use and reduce owner’s equity.

13. Which record shows the details of each customer’s transactions and balance?

Cash book
Purchase journal
General journal
Sales ledger (accounts receivable ledger)
Explanation:

The sales ledger keeps individual customer accounts showing their purchases, receipts and outstanding balances.

14. A credit note is issued by a seller when:

The buyer pays the invoice on time
The seller delivers goods for the first time
Goods sold are returned by the buyer or a price reduction is agreed
The seller needs to demand payment
Explanation:

A credit note reduces the amount the buyer owes when goods are returned or an allowance is given.

15. Which entry records the initial investment by the owner into the business?

Debit Purchases, Credit Sales
Debit Expenses, Credit Bank
Debit Capital, Credit Bank
Debit Bank/Cash, Credit Capital
Explanation:

When the owner invests money, the business receives cash (debit Bank) and the owner's equity increases (credit Capital).

16. What happens to the accounting equation when the business takes a loan from the bank?

Equity increases and assets decrease
Assets increase and liabilities increase
Liabilities decrease and equity increases
Assets decrease and liabilities decrease
Explanation:

Taking a bank loan increases the business's bank balance (asset) and creates a loan payable (liability), keeping the equation balanced.

17. Which document is used to prove that payment has been received by a business?

Statement of account
Delivery note
Receipt
Invoice
Explanation:

A receipt is issued to show that payment has been received for goods or services.

18. What is an example of a source document for a credit purchase from a supplier?

Payslip
Till roll
Bank cheque
Purchase invoice
Explanation:

A purchase invoice from the supplier is the source document that records details of the credit purchase.

19. Which error will not be detected by preparing a trial balance?

Posting a debit twice and failing to post the corresponding credit
An omission of a ledger entry on both debit and credit sides
Posting the correct amount to the wrong account on both debit and credit
A transposition error when adding totals in a ledger
Explanation:

If a transaction is omitted entirely from both debit and credit, the trial balance totals still match and the error won't be detected.

20. Which of the following best describes 'accrued expenses'?

Expenses paid in advance for future periods
Expenses incurred but not yet paid by the end of the period
Non-cash expenses like depreciation only
Revenue received in advance
Explanation:

Accrued expenses are obligations for services or goods received but not yet paid for by the reporting date.

21. When a business gives a discount to a customer for early payment, it records this as:

Interest income
An increase in Sales account
Discount received in the purchases account
Discount allowed in the expenses or sales reductions
Explanation:

Discounts given to customers reduce sales revenue and are recorded as discount allowed (a reduction of income).

22. Which account is debited when goods are returned to a supplier?

Purchases Returns (or Returns Outward)
Sales account
Bank account
Inventory valuation account only
Explanation:

When goods are returned to a supplier, Purchases Returns is debited (or Purchases is reduced) to show the reduction in purchases.

23. What is the effect on profit when business expenses increase while revenue stays the same?

Profit remains the same
Profit decreases
Profit increases
Capital increases automatically
Explanation:

Higher expenses reduce net profit if revenue does not change, since profit = revenue − expenses.

24. Which book is used to record both cash receipts and cash payments for a business?

General ledger only
Cash book
Purchase ledger
Sales journal
Explanation:

The cash book records all cash and bank receipts and payments and acts as both journal and ledger for cash transactions.

25. Why is it important for businesses in Kenya to keep accurate source documents and records of transactions?

So they can avoid paying any taxes
So they can prepare reliable financial statements, meet tax requirements and support business decisions
So customers will always pay late
So the business never needs a bank account
Explanation:

Accurate records support correct financial statements, compliance with Kenya Revenue Authority requirements, auditing and informed decision-making.