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CBC β†’ Grade 3 β†’ English β†’ Comparatives And Superatives

Comparatives And Superatives Notes, Quizzes & Revision

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Topic: topic_name_replace β€” Subject: subject_replace

Subtopic: Comparatives and Superlatives (how we compare things)

Target age: age_replace β€” examples and contexts use Kenyan places and everyday life to make comparisons meaningful.

1. What are they?

Comparatives compare two things (A vs B). Superlatives show the extreme or highest/lowest degree in a group (A vs all others).

2. How to form comparatives

  • One-syllable adjectives: add -er.
    tall β†’ taller (e.g., "Mount Kenya is taller than the hills around it.")
  • One-syllable ending in consonant-vowel-consonant: double final consonant + -er.
    big β†’ bigger (e.g., "Nairobi’s stadium is bigger than the school field.")
  • Adjectives ending in -y: change y to i + -er.
    happy β†’ happier
  • Two-syllable (often) and longer adjectives: use more or less before the adjective.
    beautiful β†’ more beautiful; expensive β†’ more expensive
  • Compare with: use than. Example: "Kisumu is smaller than Nairobi."

3. How to form superlatives

  • One-syllable: add -est. (tall β†’ tallest)
  • Double final consonant where needed: big β†’ biggest
  • Adjectives ending in -y: y β†’ i + -est. (happy β†’ happiest)
  • Longer adjectives: use the most or the least. (important β†’ the most important)
  • Use the before superlatives: "She is the fastest runner in class."

4. Irregular forms (must learn these)

  • good β†’ better β†’ best
  • bad β†’ worse β†’ worst
  • far β†’ farther/further β†’ farthest/furthest (both used)
  • little β†’ less β†’ least
  • many/much β†’ more β†’ most

5. Useful rules & common mistakes

  • Do not use -er or -est with adjectives that already take more/most (e.g., more beautiful, not beautifuller).
  • Use than after comparatives: "faster than", "more exciting than".
  • Use the before superlatives: "the coldest month", "the busiest market".
  • When comparing more than two, prefer superlative: "Among all Kenyan towns, Mombasa is the hottest."

6. Examples with Kenyan context

β€’ "Nairobi is bigger than Kisumu." (comparative)
β€’ "Mount Kenya is the highest mountain in Kenya." (superlative; within Kenya)
β€’ "This matatu is more crowded than the bus." (comparative)
β€’ "Mama Amina makes the tastiest chapati in the market." (superlative)
β€’ "M-Pesa is more convenient for many people than carrying cash." (comparative)

7. Short practice (fill the blanks)

  1. Kisumu is __________ (small) than Nairobi.
  2. My school bag is __________ (heavy) than yours.
  3. She is the __________ (good) player in the team.
  4. This road is __________ (dangerous) than that one.
  5. Mount Kenya is __________ (high) than a hill near my village. (within Kenya)

8. Answers

  1. Kisumu is smaller than Nairobi.
  2. My school bag is heavier than yours.
  3. She is the best player in the team.
  4. This road is more dangerous than that one. (or "more dangerous")
  5. Mount Kenya is higher than a hill near my village.

Tip for teachers/learners (Kenyan context): Use local references (towns, schools, sports teams, foods) when practising. This makes comparisons concrete and memorable for age_replace learners.

Quick visual: Comparative β†’ A than B (e.g., "A is taller than B")   |   Superlative β†’ the + adjective + -est / most (e.g., "the tallest", "the most famous")
πŸ“ Practice Quiz

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