Mifano ta vitenzi

Vitenzi ni maneno ya kufanya. Vitenzi huanza kwa “ku-” (kitenzi cha msingi) kama:

  • kukula 🍎 — to eat
  • kucheza ⚽ — to play
  • kusoma 📚 — to read
  • kuenda 🚶‍♂️ — to go
  • kulala 🛌 — to sleep
  • kuimba 🎵 — to sing

Jinsi vitenzi vinabadilika (tense) — mifano rahisi

1. Sasa (Present) — -na-

Tumia viambishi vya mtu + na. Mfano kwa kitenzi kula:

Mimi: ninakula 🍽️ (I am eating)
Wewe: unakula 🍽️ (You are eating)
Yeye: anakula 🍽️ (He/She is eating)
Sisi: tunakula 🍽️ (We are eating)
Ninyi: mnakula 🍽️ (You all are eating)
Wao: wanakula 🍽️ (They are eating)

2. Wiki iliyopita / Zamani (Past) — -li-

Mfano kwa kusoma:

Mimi: nilisoma 📚 (I read / I studied)
Wewe: ulisoma 📚
Yeye: alisoma 📚
Sisi: tulisoma 📚
Ninyi: mlisoma 📚
Wao: walisoma 📚

3. Kesho (Future) — -ta-

Mfano kwa kucheza:

Mimi: nitacheza ⚽ (I will play)
Wewe: utacheza
Yeye: atacheza
Sisi: tutacheza
Ninyi: mtacheza
Wao: watacheza

Amri (Imperative) na Mfano wa Kitenzi cha Msingi

Kutoa amri (kwa mtu mmoja): toa sehemu ya ku-. Mfano:

Kula! 🍎
Cheza! ⚽
Soma! 📚

Mfano wa Negative (Siyo sasa)

Kwa sasa hasi (present negative) tunatumia viambishi vya hasi: si-, hu-, ha-, hatu-, ham-, hawa-.

Mimi: siendi 🚫 (I do not go)
Wewe: huendi 🚫 (You do not go)
Yeye: haendi 🚫 (He/She does not go)

Mazoezi ya haraka (Jaribu)

  1. Pitisha kitenzi cha msingi: kuimba → (sasa) __________ (Mimi).
  2. Tengeneza sentensi za zamani kwa kula: (Yeye) __________.
  3. Toa amri: (to a child) kucheza → __________!

Majibu: 1) ninaimba / ninaimba 2) alikula 3) Cheza!

Tipi: Jifunze vitenzi wengi kwa kutumia maneno ya kila siku—kula, kunywa, kucheza, kusoma, kulala. Rudia kwa sauti ili ukumbuke vizuri!


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