Medium Starts in Sprints

Subject: Physical and Health Education — Topic: Athletic Track Events — Age: 10 (Kenya)

What is a medium start?

A medium start is a way of beginning a sprint that is between a standing start and a full crouch start. The runner bends the knees and leans forward a little, with hands on or near the ground. It is good for school races when there are no starting blocks or for short sprints.

Simple commands (English & Kiswahili)

  • On your marks — Kwa alama zako
  • Set — Weka
  • Go! — Nenda!

How to do a medium start (easy steps)

  1. On your marks: Stand behind the start line. Feet shoulder-width apart.
  2. Get set: Step one foot a little forward. Bend both knees (front knee about 90°). Lean your body a little forward. Hands touch the ground or hover beside it.
  3. Go (run): When you hear the signal, push off with the front foot, swing your arms, and run low for the first few steps. Then build up speed.

Quick picture: three starts

Standing
Medium Start (you)
Crouch

Tips to do it well

  • Keep your head down slightly and eyes on the track for the first step.
  • Push strongly with the front foot — this gives a quick start.
  • Swing arms forward and backward (not across the body).
  • Keep the first 3–6 steps low, then gradually stand up and run fast.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Leaning back — this slows you down.
  • Standing up too quickly — lose power in first steps.
  • Hands too wide or too close — find shoulder-width for balance.
  • Jumping forward instead of pushing — push and drive, do not hop.

Fun practice drills (for school)

  • 20 m starts: Practice medium starts for 20 metres. Count how many steps until you reach top speed.
  • Simon Says Starts: Teacher calls commands quickly; pupils practice reacting fast.
  • Partner push: Small push from partner (hand on back) helps feel forward drive — gentle only.
  • Relay practice: Use medium starts for first runner if no blocks are available.

Safety and warm-up

  • Always warm up: 5–10 minutes of jogging and dynamic stretches (leg swings, knee lifts).
  • Wear proper running shoes and run on a safe track or field.
  • If you feel pain, stop and tell the teacher.

Short quiz (answer with your teacher)

  1. What are the three start commands in English?
  2. Name two things you must do in the 'Set' position of a medium start.
  3. Why should you stay low for the first steps?

Teacher note: Use this page during a practical lesson. Demonstrate slowly, then let each pupil try 3–5 times. Give praise and small corrections.


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