Mathematics — Subtraction

Subtopic: Subtraction Of Single Digits (Age 7)

Subtraction means taking away. We start with some objects and remove some. The answer is how many are left.

Words to know:
  • Subtract = take away
  • Minus (−) = sign for subtraction
  • Difference = the answer

1) Take-away picture

Look: 5 apples. Take away 2. How many left?

🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎 take away 🍎🍎 = 🍎🍎🍎

So: 5 − 2 = 3

2) Count back on fingers or with numbers

Example: 7 − 3. Start at 7, count back 3 steps: 6, 5, 4. Answer is 4.

7 6 5 4

3) Use a number line

Put your finger on the first number. Jump back the number you subtract.

0
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
| | | | | | | | | |

Example: 7 − 3. Put finger on 7, jump back 3 steps to 4.

4) Missing addend (another way)

Find the number that plus 3 makes 7. Ask: 3 + ? = 7. Answer is 4. So 7 − 3 = 4.

Practice — Try these

  1. 9 − 4 = _____
  2. 8 − 5 = _____
  3. 6 − 1 = _____
  4. 7 − 3 = _____
  5. 5 − 5 = _____
  6. 4 − 2 = _____
  7. 3 − 1 = _____
  8. 2 − 2 = _____
  9. 1 − 0 = _____
  10. 9 − 7 = _____
Answers (click to see)
  1. 5
  2. 3
  3. 5
  4. 4
  5. 0
  6. 2
  7. 2
  8. 0
  9. 1
  10. 2

Tips for parents and teachers

  • Use real objects: stones, counters, beads or fruits to show take-away.
  • Let the child count back on fingers or on a number line.
  • Start with easy examples (subtract 0–3) and practise daily for 5–10 minutes.
  • Praise correct answers and gently correct mistakes by showing steps.

Good work! Keep practising subtraction of single digits and have fun counting.


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