Grade 7 English PROFESSIONS – GRAMMAR IN USE:ADJECTIVES FORMED BY NOUNS AND VERBS Notes

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GRAMMAR IN USE: ADJECTIVES FORMED BY NOUNS AND VERBS

Topic: PROFESSIONS (English) β€” For learners age 12 (Kenya). We study how we make adjectives from nouns and verbs. Adjectives tell us more about people, places or things. Here we use jobs you know: teacher, doctor, farmer, driver, nurse, mechanic. πŸ‘©β€πŸ«πŸ‘¨β€βš•οΈπŸ‘¨β€πŸŒΎπŸš—

1) Adjectives formed from NOUNS (denominal adjectives)

Many nouns (names of things or jobs) change to adjectives by adding endings like:

  • -al : medicine β†’ medical (medical doctor) πŸ‘©β€βš•οΈ
  • -ic : music β†’ music/al β†’ musical (music β†’ musical) β€” music is not a job but shows pattern
  • -y : sport β†’ sporty (a sporty player)
  • -ful : care β†’ careful (care is a noun; careful nurse)
  • -less : job β†’ jobless (an unemployed driver)

Examples (jobs):

  • medicine β†’ medical β†’ a medical nurse
  • profession β†’ professional β†’ a professional pilot
  • manager β†’ managerial β†’ managerial duties (from manager)
  • farm β†’ farm(y) / farming β†’ farming β†’ farming community (note: sometimes the noun itself can be used as adjective)
2) Adjectives formed from VERBS (deverbal adjectives)

Verbs (action words) often make adjectives in two common ways:

  • Present participle (-ing): shows something that causes a feeling or is doing the action. e.g. a training course, driving lesson (from verb drive) πŸš—
  • Past participle (-ed or irregular): often shows a result or state. e.g. a trained teacher (from train) β€” the teacher has been trained.
  • -able (from verbs) shows something possible: employ β†’ employable β†’ an employable graduate
  • -ive (from verbs) often gives adjectives: create β†’ creative

Examples (jobs):

  • train (verb) β†’ trained teacher (past participle used as adjective)
  • work β†’ hardworking worker / working hours (present participle)
  • employ β†’ employable (able to be employed)
  • drive β†’ driving (driving test / driving instructor)
  • retire β†’ retired (a retired farmer)
3) Quick rules and tips
  • If the adjective is a participle, it can be -ing (doing/causing) or -ed (finished/state).
  • -al, -ic, -ful, -less, -able, -ive are common endings that change nouns or verbs into adjectives.
  • Some nouns are used directly before other nouns to act like adjectives (called attributive nouns): β€œschool teacher”, β€œpolice officer”. This is not changing the word but is common in English.
  • Spelling note (simple): when adding -ing to verbs that end with -e, drop the e: make β†’ making; but keep double letters in short words: run β†’ running.
4) Example sentences
  • The medical team helped the patient. (medical = from medicine)
  • She is a trained teacher. (trained = from the verb train)
  • We need experienced mechanics. (experienced = past participle)
  • He is an employable graduate. (employable = from the verb employ)
  • The village has many farming families. (farming = present participle used as adjective)
5) Short practice
  1. Complete with the correct adjective form:
    1. A ______ (train) nurse helped the child.
    2. We visited a ______ (medicine) clinic.
    3. He passed his ______ (drive) test yesterday.
  2. Match (write letter): a) employ β†’ ___ ; b) farm β†’ ___ ; c) create β†’ ___ Choices: 1. creative 2. farming 3. employable
  3. Fill in the blank with -ing or -ed form: "The ______ (tire) driver took a short rest." (choose tiring or tired)
Answers (click to view)
  1. a) trained β€” "A trained nurse helped the child." b) medical β€” "We visited a medical clinic." c) driving β€” "He passed his driving test yesterday."
  2. Match: a β†’ 3 (employable), b β†’ 2 (farming), c β†’ 1 (creative)
  3. "The tired driver took a short rest." (tired = past participle describing his state)
6) Small checklist for your writing
  • When describing people with their job skills, use participles: trained, experienced, retired.
  • When forming adjectives from words like medicine or music, try endings: -al, -ic, -ial.
  • Read your sentence: does the adjective come before the noun? (a trained teacher) or after a linking verb? (The teacher is trained.)

Keep practicing with jobs you see in your community: teacher, nurse, farmer, mechanic, driver. Try making adjectives from their verbs and nouns.

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Subjects in Grade 7

AgricultureArabicCRECREATIVE ARTS AND SPORTSEnglishfrenchGermanhindu religious educationindigenous languagesIntegrated Scienceislamic religious educationKiswahiliMandarin ChineseMathematicsPre-technicalSocial Studies

Class Levels in JUNIOR SEC

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Curriculums

Competency Based Curriculum Junior Secondary School