GRAMMAR IN USE: AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES

Subject: English — Topic: TOURIST ATTRACTION SITES: KENYA (for 12‑year‑olds). We look only at grammar. Learn how to make affirmative (positive) and negative sentences using places in Kenya.

What is an affirmative sentence?

It says that something is true. Example: “Tourists visit the Maasai Mara.”

What is a negative sentence?

It says that something is not true. We usually add not or use negative helpers like do not / don't, does not / doesn't, is not / isn't, are not / aren't, did not / didn't.

1) Present simple (facts, habits)

Structure (affirmative): Subject + base verb (+ object)
Structure (negative): Subject + do/does + not + base verb

Affirmative: Tourists visit Diani Beach. 🏖️

Negative: Tourists do not (don't) visit Diani Beach in the rainy season. 🌧️

Affirmative: The Maasai Mara has many wild animals. 🐘🦒

Negative: The Maasai Mara does not (doesn't) have a zoo.

Note: Use doesn't with he/she/it (The park doesn't open early). Use don't with I/you/we/they (We don't go there alone).

2) The verb "to be" and present continuous

"To be" (am/is/are) makes negatives with not. Present continuous uses am/are/is + verb‑ing.

Be (affirmative): The guide is friendly. 😊

Be (negative): The guide is not (isn't) friendly.

Present continuous (affirmative): We are visiting Nairobi National Park today. 🚗🌿

Present continuous (negative): We are not (aren't) visiting Nairobi National Park today.

Tip: Contractions are common: "isn't", "aren't", "I'm not" (note: "amn't" is not used in English; say "I'm not").

3) Past simple

Use past simple to talk about finished actions. Make negative with did not / didn't + base verb.

Affirmative: We visited Lake Nakuru last summer. 🦩

Negative: We did not (didn't) visit Lake Nakuru last summer.

Quick rules
  • Use don't / doesn't for present simple negatives.
  • Use isn't / aren't / am not when the main verb is "be".
  • Use didn't for past simple negatives.
  • Make contractions to sound natural in speech: don't, doesn't, isn't, aren't, didn't.

Examples from Kenyan places

Affirmative
  • Kenya has beautiful parks. 🌳
  • People visit Mount Kenya every year. ⛰️
  • Lamu Island offers calm beaches. 🏝️
Negative
  • Kenya does not have very cold weather near the coast. 🌞
  • Many people do not (don't) travel to some parks in the rainy season. 🌧️
  • Lamu does not (doesn't) have tall buildings like Nairobi. 🏘️

Practice — change the sentence to a negative

  1. Affirmative: "Tourists visit Amboseli in the dry season."
  2. Affirmative: "The guide is friendly."
  3. Affirmative: "We saw flamingos at Lake Nakuru last week."
  4. Affirmative: "Children enjoy the beaches at Diani."
  5. Affirmative: "The park has many giraffes."
Answers:
  1. Negative: "Tourists do not (don't) visit Amboseli in the dry season." — or if you mean they visit, change to a suitable negative: "Tourists do not visit Amboseli every day."
  2. Negative: "The guide is not (isn't) friendly."
  3. Negative: "We did not (didn't) see flamingos at Lake Nakuru last week."
  4. Negative: "Children do not (don't) enjoy the beaches at Diani." (If you mean some children, you can say: "Some children do not enjoy the beaches at Diani.")
  5. Negative: "The park does not (doesn't) have many giraffes."

Short quiz (choose the correct negative)

1. "They (visit) Tsavo every year." → Negative?

2. "She (be) the park ranger." → Negative?

3. "We (visit) Lamu last year." → Negative?

Practice making negatives and use contractions when you speak. Try writing five sentences about Kenyan attractions and turn each into a negative sentence.

Made for learners in Kenya • Simple grammar notes on affirmative and negative sentences.

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