Putting the Shot (Shot Put)

Topic: Field Events — Subject: Physical and Health Education
Target age: 11 years (Primary school, Kenya)

What is putting the shot?

Putting the shot (also called shot put) is a field event where an athlete "pushes" a heavy ball (the shot) from the shoulder to make it land as far as possible inside a marked sector. We use a pushing action, not an overhand throw.

Equipment and place

  • Shot (use the size and weight given by your teacher; in school use light or foam shots for beginners).
  • Circle or ring (about 2.13 m diameter at competitions; school rings may be smaller).
  • Tape measure for distance.
  • Sector lines marked on the grass or track (an angle where the shot must land).

Safety rules

  • Only one pupil in the circle at a time. Teacher or judge must supervise.
  • Make sure the landing area is clear before each put.
  • Wear proper shoes (trainers or spikes if coach allows). No running on wet concrete.
  • Hold the shot at the neck/chin and push — do not sling or throw with the arm like a ball.
  • Warm up well: jog, leg swings, shoulder circles, and a few practice pushes with a light object.

Basic competition rules (simple)

  • The shot must be put from the shoulder and leave the hand above the shoulder level.
  • Do not step out of the circle before the shot lands. Exiting early = foul.
  • The shot must land inside the marked sector lines to be a valid put.
  • Each pupil normally gets 3 attempts; the best distance is counted.

Simple step-by-step technique for beginners

  1. Grip and hold: Put the shot in the base of your fingers (not in the palm). Rest it against your neck under the jaw. Keep your elbow up.
  2. Stance: Stand at the back of the circle sideways to the direction of the throw (left shoulder forward if you are right-handed). Feet about shoulder-width apart.
  3. Balance: Bend the knees slightly and keep your weight on the back foot.
  4. Drive: Push off the back leg, move your body forward (a short glide or a step), and extend your hips and legs quickly.
  5. Push and release: Push the shot from the neck with a straightening arm, sending it forward and slightly upward. Release at full extension.
  6. Follow-through: Keep your body balanced and do not step out of the circle until the shot lands.
Circle Landing sector →

Fun drills for beginners

  • Standing put: stand with feet together and push the shot. Focus on arm extension.
  • Step put: take one small step forward and push to learn timing of legs and arm.
  • Medicine ball push (light ball): practice pushing with hips and legs.
  • Balance drill: stand on one leg for 20 seconds to improve stability in the circle.

Short lesson plan (45 minutes)

  1. 5 min: Warm-up (jogging, dynamic stretches).
  2. 8 min: Demonstration of grip, stance and push by teacher.
  3. 12 min: Practice drills in pairs (standing and step put).
  4. 12 min: Each pupil gets 3 attempts; measure the best put and record.
  5. 8 min: Cool down and short talk on safety and technique improvements.

How to mark and improve

  • Measure distance from inside edge of the circle to where the shot first landed (in metres).
  • Record best of three puts. Encourage steady improvement, not just a long put once.
  • Coach tips: work on leg power, quick extension, and keeping elbow high.

Quick glossary

  • Shot — the heavy ball used in putting.
  • Circle — the ring where the athlete stands to put the shot.
  • Sector — the marked area where the shot must land.
  • Foul — an invalid attempt (for example stepping out of the circle early).
Remember: Practice safely, push from the shoulder, and keep improving one small step at a time. Putting the shot is about power, balance and correct technique — perfect for athletics day and school competitions.

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